1,690 research outputs found
Inverse perturbation method for structural redesign with frequency and mode shape constraints
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76581/1/AIAA-8777-705.pd
Nonlinear incremental inverse perturbation method for structural redesign
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76715/1/AIAA-1983-892-392.pd
Happier People Live More Active Lives: Using Smartphones to Link Happiness and Physical Activity.
Physical activity, both exercise and non-exercise, has far-reaching benefits to physical health. Although exercise has also been linked to psychological health (e.g., happiness), little research has examined physical activity more broadly, taking into account non-exercise activity as well as exercise. We examined the relationship between physical activity (measured broadly) and happiness using a smartphone application. This app has collected self-reports of happiness and physical activity from over ten thousand participants, while passively gathering information about physical activity from the accelerometers on users' phones. The findings reveal that individuals who are more physically active are happier. Further, individuals are happier in the moments when they are more physically active. These results emerged when assessing activity subjectively, via self-report, or objectively, via participants' smartphone accelerometers. Overall, this research suggests that not only exercise but also non-exercise physical activity is related to happiness. This research further demonstrates how smartphones can be used to collect large-scale data to examine psychological, behavioral, and health-related phenomena as they naturally occur in everyday life.Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UBhave project (Ubiquitous and Social Computing for Positive Behaviour Change, Grant ID: EP/I032673/1))This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Public Library of Science via https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016058
Admissible large perturbations in structural redesign
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76363/1/AIAA-10551-828.pd
A Parallactic Distance of 389 +24/-21 parsecs to the Orion Nebula Cluster from Very Long Baseline Array Observations
We determine the parallax and proper motion of the flaring, non-thermal radio
star GMR A, a member of the Orion Nebula Cluster, using Very Long Baseline
Array observations. Based on the parallax, we measure a distance of 389 +24/-21
parsecs to the source. Our measurement places the Orion Nebula Cluster
considerably closer than the canonical distance of 480 +/- 80 parsecs
determined by Genzel et al. (1981). A change of this magnitude in distance
lowers the luminosities of the stars in the cluster by a factor of ~ 1.5. We
briefly discuss two effects of this change--an increase in the age spread of
the pre-main sequence stars and better agreement between the zero-age
main-sequence and the temperatures and luminosities of massive stars.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, emulateapj, accepted to Ap
Dusty OB stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud - II: Extragalactic Disks or Examples of the Pleiades Phenomenon?
We use mid-infrared Spitzer spectroscopy and far-infrared Herschel photometry
for a sample of twenty main sequence O9--B2 stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud
(SMC) with strong 24 micron excesses to investigate the origin of the mid-IR
emission. Either debris disks around the stars or illuminated patches of dense
interstellar medium (ISM) can cause such mid-IR emission. In a companion paper,
Paper I, we use optical spectroscopy to show that it is unlikely for any of
these sources to be classical Be stars or Herbig Ae/Be stars. We focus our
analysis on debris disks and cirrus hot spots. We find three out of twenty
stars to be significantly extended in the mid-IR, establishing them as cirrus
hot spots. We then fit the IR spectral energy distributions to determine dust
temperatures and masses. We find the dust masses in the SMC stars to be larger
than for any known debris disks, although this evidence against the debris disk
hypothesis is circumstantial. Finally, we created a local comparison sample of
bright mid-IR OB stars in the Milky Way (MW) by cross-matching the WISE and
Hipparcos catalogs. All such local stars in the appropriate luminosity range
that can be unambiguously classified are young stars with optical emission
lines or are spatially resolved by WISE with sizes too large to be plausible
debris disk candidates. We conclude that the very strong mid-IR flux excesses
are most likely explained as cirrus hot spots, although we cannot rigorously
rule out that a small fraction of the sample is made up of debris disks or
transition disks. We present suggestive evidence that bow-shock heating around
runaway stars may be a contributing mechanism to the interstellar emission.
These sources, interpreted as cirrus hot spots, offer a new localised probe of
diffuse interstellar dust in a low metallicity environment. (Abridged)Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 23 pages, 11 figures, 8 table
Metamaterials for light rays: ray optics without wave-optical analog in the ray-optics limit
Volumes of sub-wavelength electromagnetic elements can act like homogeneous
materials: metamaterials. In analogy, sheets of optical elements such as prisms
can act ray-optically like homogeneous sheet materials. In this sense, such
sheets can be considered to be metamaterials for light rays (METATOYs).
METATOYs realize new and unusual transformations of the directions of
transmitted light rays. We study here, in the ray-optics and scalar-wave
limits, the wave-optical analog of such transformations, and we show that such
an analog does not always exist. Perhaps, this is the reason why many of the
ray-optical possibilities offered by METATOYs have never before been
considered.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, references update
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